Functional Play in Early Intervention: A Pillar of ABA, Speech, and OT Services

In today’s fast-paced world, understanding a child’s developmental trajectory is pivotal. Within early intervention, the concepts of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA), Speech Therapy, and Occupational Therapy (OT) are often discussed. However, an essential component that binds these therapies together is functional play.
 
 So, what is Functional Play?
 
Functional play, also known as “constructive play,” involves children using objects as they are intended to be used. For instance, rolling a toy car on the floor or stirring with a spoon in a play pot are examples of functional play. This form of play is foundational, often emerging in toddlers and providing a base for more complex forms of play as children grow (Parham & Fazio, 2008).
 
Functional play, with its simplicity and ubiquity, plays an indispensable role in cognitive development. Through these constructive interactions, children learn about cause and effect, delve into the rudiments of problem-solving, and familiarize themselves with the properties of objects. Furthermore, they begin to grasp the intricate nuances of roles and routines that permeate their daily lives, providing a tangible understanding of the world around them (Lifter, Foster-Sanda, Arzamarski, Briesch, & McClure, 2011).
 
The realm of speech and language skills also finds its roots nurtured by functional play. As children engage with their environment, they naturally learn to label objects and understand prepositions. This form of play also establishes the rhythm of conversation, especially when children play in tandem with their peers or caregivers, offering an invaluable platform for linguistic growth (Girolametto & Weitzman, 2002).
 
From a motor skills perspective, particularly in the domain of Occupational Therapy, functional play stands out as a cornerstone. Activities that might seem rudimentary, like stacking blocks or manipulating toy tools, serve as essential exercises. These activities not only bolster a child’s gross and fine motor skills but also enhance their physical dexterity and coordination (Case-Smith & O’Brien, 2010).
 
In the world of Applied Behavior Analysis, functional play reveals its potency as a tool for teaching social interaction. Children are not just playing; they’re learning the art of turn-taking, the subtleties of interpreting cues, and the complexities of understanding emotions. This foundation is pivotal for developing empathy and honing vital social skills (Leaf & McEachin, 1999).
 
Functional play is not an endpoint but a stepping stone. As children master the foundational aspects of play, they pave the way for advanced forms, such as symbolic or imaginative play. Mastery over the basics ensures they’re well-equipped to explore, pretend, and immerse themselves in more abstract, intricate forms of play, building upon their already-acquired skills.
 
  References:
Parham, L. D., & Fazio, L. S. (2008). Play in Occupational Therapy for Children. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Lifter, K., Foster-Sanda, S., Arzamarski, C., Briesch, J., & McClure, E. (2011). Overview of play: Its uses and importance in early intervention/early childhood special education. Infants & Young Children, 24(3), 225-245.
Girolametto, L., & Weitzman, E. (2002). Responsiveness of child care providers in interactions with toddlers and preschoolers. Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 33(4), 268-281.
Case-Smith, J., & O’Brien, J. C. (2010). Occupational therapy for children. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Leaf, R. B., & McEachin, J. (1999). A Work in Progress: Behavior Management Strategies and a Curriculum for Intensive Behavioral Treatment of Autism. DRL Books.
 
Note: This blog post is based on scholarly resources and offers general knowledge. Always consult with specialists for specific concerns about child development.

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By Abishek GM • February 24, 2025
Possibly. When it comes to therapy , one question often arises among parents: why does my Autistic child need 30 hours of Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) each week? This query is not only common but also crucial for understanding the significance of intensive ABA therapy in the development and progress of children who have high support needs and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into the reasons behind the recommendation of 30 hours a week of ABA therapy, exploring its benefits, outcomes, and implications for children on the Autism spectrum. Understanding the Foundation of ABA Therapy Before delving into the specifics of why 30 hours a week of ABA therapy is recommended, it's essential to grasp the fundamentals of ABA therapy itself. ABA therapy is a scientifically validated approach to understanding behavior and how it is affected by the environment. It focuses on applying interventions based on the principles of learning theory to improve socially significant behaviors. For Autistic children, ABA therapy aims to increase desirable behaviors, such as communication and social skills, while reducing challenging behaviors, such as tantrums and self-injury. The Significance of Intensity in ABA Therapy One of the key principles underlying effective ABA therapy is intensity. Intensive ABA therapy involves participating in a high number of therapy hours per week, typically ranging from 20 to 40 hours. The intensity of therapy allows for more frequent and consistent practice of targeted skills, leading to faster progress and better long-term outcomes. It is generally recommended for children age 2-5 in early intervention programs, and/or children with high support needs. Why 30 Hours a Week? While the specific number of hours will vary depending on the child's individual needs and circumstances, the recommendation of 30 hours a week of ABA therapy is based on extensive research and clinical experience. This recommendation is supported by studies demonstrating that children who receive 30 or more hours of ABA therapy per week show greater gains in language, adaptive behavior, and cognitive skills compared to those receiving fewer hours of therapy.When children reach age 6, they are required to attend school, and the opportunity for intensive treatment diminishes significantly. Therefore, attending intensive ABA therapy prior to age 6, is crucial for life-long outcomes. Maximizing Learning Opportunities Children with Autism often require intensive, structured intervention to maximize their learning opportunities and achieve optimal outcomes. ABA therapy provides a structured and systematic approach to teaching new skills and behaviors, allowing children to make steady progress in various areas of development. With 30 hours a week of therapy, children have ample time to practice and reinforce skills across different settings and contexts, leading to more generalized and long-lasting improvements. Addressing Individual Needs It's important to note that the recommendation of 30 hours a week of ABA therapy is not a one-size-fits-all approach. The number of therapy hours should be tailored to each child's unique needs, strengths, and challenges. A qualified and experienced ABA therapist will conduct a comprehensive assessment to determine the appropriate level of intensity for your child's therapy program. Factors such as age, severity of symptoms, and family preferences may also influence the recommended number of therapy hours. The Role of Therapy and Learning Center of GA Therapy and Learning Center of GA is an ABA center in Georgia , and we understand the importance of providing high-quality ABA therapy services to children with autism and their families. As a leading Autism center in Atlanta, we offer comprehensive ABA therapy programs coupled with speech therapy and occupational therapy in a collaborative environment, tailored to meet the individual needs of each child. Our team of highly skilled and compassionate therapists is dedicated to helping children reach their full potential and achieve meaningful progress in all areas of development. Contact the Therapy and Learning Center of GA today to learn more about our ABA therapy services and how we can support your child's journey toward success. With our evidence-based approach, personalized treatment plans, and commitment to excellence, we're here to empower children diagnosed with Autism to thrive and flourish. Give us a call at (678) 824-2145 to schedule a consultation and take the first step towards a brighter future for your child.